Descrição Clínica e Epidemiológica da Covid-19: Dados de um Estudo Sentinela em Unidades de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro

Lucas Dalsenter Romano da Silva; Rafael Mello Galliez; Amilcar Tanuri; Roberto de Andrade Medronho

doi:10.36489/saudecoletiva.2025v15i94p14969-14982

Authors

Lucas Dalsenter Romano da Silva Médico residente em Clínica Médica no Hospital Federal Cardoso Fontes; Pesquisador no Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes (NEEDIER) do IESC-UFRJ. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-4247
Rafael Mello Galliez Professor Adjunto de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias na Faculdade de Medicina da UFRJ; Médico intensivista do Instituto Estadual de Infectologia São Sebastião. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0348-8374
Amilcar Tanuri Consultor da WHO Res Net da Organização Mundial da Saúde; Coordenador da Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do RJ; Associated Research Scientist - Columbia University; Consultor na Área de Laboratório do Ministério da Saúde no Rio de Janeiro; Professor Titular da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0570-750X
Roberto de Andrade Medronho Professor Titular da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Coordenador do Laboratório de Epidemiologia das Doenças Transmissíveis. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4073-3930

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36489/saudecoletiva.2025v15i94p14969-14982

Keywords:

COVID-19, Epidemiology, Basic Health Unit

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the distribution and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in individuals treated at health units in the state of Rio de Janeiro, between June and October 2020. Method: Serial cross-sectional observational study with 10,329 participants. Clinical-epidemiological data were collected through an electronic form, with RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 and IgM/IgG serology. Statistical analysis included data processing in R software, categorization of variables, and use of descriptive tools. Results: Positivity was 14% for RT-PCR, 8.4% for IgM, and 10% for IgG. Women (60%) and mixed-race individuals (45%) predominated. Testing centers had a higher positivity rate (RT-PCR: 16%; IgM: 13%). Headache (41%) and myalgia (33%) were the most common symptoms, while anosmia was reported by 18%. Conclusion: The study highlighted the temporal relationship between diagnostic methods and the clinical profile of COVID-19, highlighting the importance of integrated testing strategies for epidemiological and clinical management.

Author Biographies

Rafael Mello Galliez, Professor Adjunto de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias na Faculdade de Medicina da UFRJ; Médico intensivista do Instituto Estadual de Infectologia São Sebastião.

Position: Assistant Professor of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases at the UFRJ School of Medicine; Intensive Care Physician at the São Sebastião State Institute of Infectious Diseases.
Education: Bachelor's degree in Medicine (UFRJ, 2003); Residency in Infectious Diseases (IPEC-Fiocruz, 2006); Master's degree in Public Health (IESC-UFRJ, 2009); Doctorate in Clinical Medicine (UFRJ, 2016).

Amilcar Tanuri, Consultor da WHO Res Net da Organização Mundial da Saúde; Coordenador da Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do RJ; Associated Research Scientist - Columbia University; Consultor na Área de Laboratório do Ministério da Saúde no Rio de Janeiro; Professor Titular da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.

Role: WHO RES NET consultant for the World Health Organization, coordinator of the Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support in the State of Rio de Janeiro, associated research scientist at Columbia University, laboratory consultant - Laboratory Consultant for the Ministry of Health in Rio de Janeiro, full professor at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.
Education: Graduated in Medicine from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (1982), Master's degree in Biological Sciences (Biophysics) from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (1985) and PhD in Biological Sciences (Genetics) from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (1990).

Roberto de Andrade Medronho , Professor Titular da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Coordenador do Laboratório de Epidemiologia das Doenças Transmissíveis.

Education: Bachelor's degree in Medicine from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (1982), Master's degree in Public Health from the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (1993) and PhD in Public Health from the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (1999).

Position: Full professor at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and coordinator of the Laboratory of Epidemiology of Communicable Diseases.

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